Ever wonder why Jesus’ birth story is different in the Gospel of Matthew than it is in the Gospel of Luke? Or why the story of the 12-year-old Jesus at the Temple is only found in the Gospel of Luke? Maybe you thought it was strange that Jesus’ resurrection appearance stories occur in Galilee in the Gospel of Matthew and in Jerusalem in the Gospel of Luke?
The Similarities and Differences Between the Gospels
Well, you’re not alone. Biblical scholars have had to deal with this problem as well. It’s called the “Synoptic Problem.” The Gospels of Matthew, Mark, and Luke oftentimes tell the same story almost word for word. Other times, Matthew and Luke will tell a unique story that is only found within its pages. Most puzzling is when the gospels share the same story, but change very big details. Though similar, the gospels are different.
Due to their similarities, Matthew, Mark, and Luke are called the “Synoptic Gospels.” The term “synoptic” comes from the Greek word, συνοπτικος, which the Liddell-Scott-Jones Greek-English Lexicon defines as “seeing the whole together.” The Gospel of John is not included in the Synoptic Gospels because it uses a different chronological order to tell the story of Jesus. For this reason, the Gospel of John cannot be read side by side in the same way as the Synoptics. So Matthew, Mark and Luke are Synoptic Gospels because we can tell they’re similar, but how do we deal with their differences?
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